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The Roaring Camp & Big Trees Railroad is a narrow gauge tourist railroad in California that starts from the Roaring Camp depot in Felton, California and runs up steep grades to the top of nearby Bear Mountain, a distance of The travel is through a redwood forest. The steam engines date from the 1890s, and are some of the oldest and most authentically preserved narrow gauge steam engines still providing regular passenger service in the United States. The Cumbres & Toltec Scenic Railroad in Colorado and New Mexico have the oldest steam engines, dating back to 1883.〔(Roaring Camp website, main page ). Retrieved July 9, 2010.〕 The American Society of Mechanical Engineers designated three engines at Roaring Camp and Big Trees Railroad as Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark #134 in 1988. == History == Roaring Camp Railroads operations began in 1963 under the guidance of F. Norman Clark (1935–1985), who was the founder and owner. His purpose was to keep a family tradition of constructing railroads and to "bring the romance and color of steam railroading back to America." 〔Brown, Phillip King, The ''New York Times'' "California Train Trip into the Past" May 2, 1965〕 In 1958, Clark found the engine ''Dixiana'' abandoned near a coal mine in the Appalachian Mountains; he described as looking like a " rusty pile of junk".〔 ''Dixiana'' was reconditioned and began service in 1963 on rails that had been shipped around Cape Horn in 1881. The railway route was laid out so that as few trees as possible would have to be cut on the Clark acquired with a 99-year lease of the larger Big Trees Ranch.〔 The Big Trees Ranch was bought in 1867 by San Francisco businessman Joseph Warren Welch to preserve the giant redwood trees from logging. It was the first property in the state acquired specifically for that purpose.〔 In 1930, the Welch family sold part of the property to Santa Cruz County, which eventually became part of Henry Cowell Redwoods State Park.〔(Roaring Camp History )〕 The first scheduled train trip was on April 6, 1963 with 44 ticketed passengers.〔 Clark's wife, Georgiana, Vice President of Operations assumed the ownership and management responsibilities following his death on December 2, 1985.〔 Originally, two large trestles formed a "corkscrew" loop at Spring Canyon, but these were destroyed by a 1976 fire, the smoke from which could be seen from San Francisco. Within six months, a switchback was constructed to bypass the severed loop and the entire line was returned to service. The switchback has an estimated 9.5% grade, making it the steepest passenger grade still in use. The length of the tail tracks in the switchback restricts the trains that may be operated to six cars or fewer.〔(Kliment, Jim ''Discover Live Steam'' On-line Magazine, "part 2: Disaster Strikes" ). Retrieved July 15, 2010.〕 Special events are held to raise funds for repair and reconstruction of the trestles and steam locomotives at Roaring Camp. In 2003, the first "Day Out With Thomas" (Thomas The Tank Engine) special event was held. The event was the single largest in the 40-year history of Roaring Camp, with an estimated 25,000 participants over a three-day period.〔(Prince, Charlene ''San Francisco Chronicle'' " Day with Thomas at Roaring Camp" June 20, 2003 )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Roaring Camp and Big Trees Narrow Gauge Railroad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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